Why Gay Marriage Is Good For Straight America By Andrew...

After consciously reading both pieces of writing, â€Å"Why Gay Marriage is Good for Straight America† by Andrew Sullivan and Family Values by Richard Rodriguez, the first author has more compelling language than Rodriguez, which helps people fully understand the different processes of being accepted. Even though Sullivan and Rodriguez have different backgrounds, their families support them both. Andrew Sullivan proved that his family was more than willing to accept his love for another man by saying, â€Å"And when we finally got married, a few years later and our mothers walked us down the makeshift garden aisle, and my sister gave the reading through tears [†¦] â€Å"my father put his arms around me and hugged, I did not hear civilization crumble.† (254) When Sullivan’s parents showed they were proud and happy for him, it was all he needed. This proved to me that there are parents out there who continue to support their child even when others believe that homosexuals should not have the right to love. Similarly, Rodriguez believed his parents showed acceptance when he says, â€Å"My mother has seen me and she waves me in. [†¦] (Have they, after all, known my secret for years and kept it, out of embarrassment, not knowing what to say?) Families accept often by silence. My father opens the door to welcome me in. Even though Rodriguez’ family is more conservative; they also accepted his sexuality. I believe this similarity is important because it gives relief to young adults who are thinkingShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Andrew Sullivan s Article Why Gay Marriage Is Good For Straight America 1621 Words   |  7 PagesAndrew Sullivan is the author of an article â€Å"Why Gay Marriage is Good for Straight America.† He is an experienced publicist, and he is homosexual. Sullivan argues that every person has the right to get married disregarding his or her orientation. Richard Rodriguez who is also a famous publicist composed â€Å"Family Values.† Like Sullivan, he is homosexual and he discusses it in his work. Rodriguez and Sullivan share many viewpoints related to homosexuality, but they disagree about the appropriatenessRead MoreAn American Childhood By Annie Dillard1392 Words   |  6 Pageshas been the issue o f gay marriages. Whereas it was a taboo for gay couples to declare their relationship status openly in public, today the situation is different as is evident with the two texts under discussions. The story titled An American Childhood by Annie Dillard depicts gender roles in the 1950s America while the article by Andrew Sullivan titled â€Å"Why Gay Marriages are Good for Straight America† expounds on the issue of gay rights and freedom of modern day America. Dillard uses the characterRead MoreEssay on Gay Marriage 1616 Words   |  7 Pages Gay marriage is a very talked about topic in are country that shouldn’t be ignored. I believe men and women should be able to love freely and not be shamed by it. Marriage is a great factor in the United States. To some people it’s what we live for; is to get married and start a family. To not give everyone the same opportunity to have a happy marriage and family is unlike us. This problem is bringing a lot of hate, the same hate that was used in racial discrimination so why not give gays equalRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Should Be Legal1144 Words   |  5 PagesGay Marriage There are many issues the revolve around same-sex marriage. Many issues like: Whether same-sex should be legalized and should there be an amendment on same-sex marriage? There are multiple side to view this, but gay marriage but in my opinion gay marriage is socially accepted. it should be legal and it does affect American teens in a broad spectrum of ways. There have been a lot of issues on whether or not same-sex marriage should be legal or not. According to Burns, â€Å" The unionRead More The Battle Over Same-Sex Marriage Essay2181 Words   |  9 Pages Same-sex marriage has grown into to a national issue. In 2003, the Massachusetts Supreme Court ruled that same-sex couples had the right to marry which provoked a firestorm of debate. The discussion extends from private livings rooms and local watering holes; all the way to the floor of the U.S. Congress and the White House. The debate about same-sex marriage has become a hot button issue, which pits secular-progressives who support gay-rights against religious and social traditionalistsRead MoreA Refutation of an Argument by William J Bennett on Recognizing Same-Sex Marriage1749 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿REFUTATION OF ARGUMENT AGAINST GAY MARRIAGE In a remarkable article that appeared in the Washington Post, William J. Bennett argued that recognizing same-sex marriage would be detrimental to the concept of marriage and to the nation. The only thing more remarkable than the logical fallacies relied upon in the article was the fact that the author was the former Chairman of the National Endowment for the Humanities and Secretary of Education in the Reagan administration and Director of the OfficeRead MoreSame-Sex Marriage and Religion: An Inappropriate Relationship8330 Words   |  34 PagesSame-Sex Marriage and Religion: An Inappropriate Relationship Brittney Baker Key words, names, terms, concepts: California s Proposition 8, Prop 8; morals legislation; same-sex marriage, gay marriage; religion, religion and politics; separation of church and state; police powers; equal citizenship, equality; 2008 election. Introduction and Thesis The debate over same-sex marriage has been a prominent issue in our society over many years now, appearing in several ballot initiatives such as CaliforniaRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pagesclassic cases on the Companion Website. These are a selection of cases from recent editions of the book which remain relevant for teaching. The case studies are intended to serve as a basis for class discussion and not as an illustration of either good or bad management practice. They are not intended to be a comprehensive collection of teaching material. They have been chosen (or speciï ¬ cally written) to provide readers with a core of cases which, together, cover most of the main issues in the textRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesreproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on the appropriate page within text. Copyright  © 2013, 20 11, 2009, 2007, 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopyingRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesappear on appropriate page within text. Copyright  © 2011, 2007, 2005, 2002, 1998 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying

A Brief Note On Norton And Wright Developed The Event...

Tum , Norton and Wright developed the event operations management model . This model contains various stages which assists events managers when organising their events. The stages included in the events operations management model are as followed , Analysis , Detailed planning ,Implication delivery and performance evaluation. The analysis stage is the first stage in the model this stage is primarily focused on the internal and external environment of which the events manager is working. The external environment is also known as PEST which stands for political + legal , economical , social and technological. In addition to the PEST factors the eternal environment also includes factors like rival competition and stakeholders. Starting from the first of the factors political this is how the local laws and legislations are effecting the event such as , health and safety , noise cut off points and so on. Economical this includes factors such as exchange rate , demographics , interest rates , population growth . Sociological/ social this contains various factors such as fashion trends and disposable income. Technological this is keeping up to date with technology so guests cant integrate with the event more or even trying out new things like projected 3d images on walls which would give a wow factor to any event. The second stage in the model is Detailed planning. The detailed planning stage is how an events organiser inevitably plans their event and it has six stages toShow MoreRelatedContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 PagesContemporary Issues in Management Accounting This page intentionally left blank Contemporary Issues in Management Accounting Edited by ALNOOR BHIMANI 1 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford ox2 6dp Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne MexicoRead MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 PagesCross Reference of Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) Concepts to Text Topics Chapter 1 Modern Project Management Chapter 8 Scheduling resources and cost 1.2 Project defined 1.3 Project management defined 1.4 Projects and programs (.2) 2.1 The project life cycle (.2.3) App. G.1 The project manager App. G.7 Political and social environments F.1 Integration of project management processes [3.1] 6.5.2 Setting a schedule baseline [8.1.4] 6.5.3.1 Setting a resource schedule 6.5.2.4 ResourceRead MoreStrategic Human Resource Management View.Pdf Uploaded Successfully133347 Words   |  534 PagesVIEW Strategic Human Resource Management Taken from: Strategic Human Resource Management, Second Edition by Charles R. Greer Copyright  © 2001, 1995 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. A Pearson Education Company Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 Compilation Copyright  © 2003 by Pearson Custom Publishing All rights reserved. This copyright covers material written expressly for this volume by the editor/s as well as the compilation itself. It does not cover the individual selections herein thatRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesstyle of writing set the book apart, making it an ingenious read which invites reflexivity, criticalness and plurality of opinion from the audience. This is a book that will become a classic in organization studies. Mihaela L. Kelemen, Professor of Management Studies, Keele University, UK An unusually rich and deep philosophical book on organization theory with several new thinkers and ideas. Pedagogically a well-structured book with many clear learning objectives, cases, examples and good summariesRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 PagesStrategic Marketing Management Dedication This book is dedicated to the authors’ wives – Gillian and Rosie – and to Ben Gilligan for their support while it was being written. Acknowledgements Our thanks go to Janice Nunn for all the effort that she put in to the preparation of the manuscript. Strategic Marketing Management Planning, implementation and control Third edition Richard M.S. Wilson Emeritus Professor of Business Administration The Business School Loughborough University Read MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesis an online assessment and preparation solution for courses in Principles of Management, Human Resources, Strategy, and Organizational Behavior that helps you actively study and prepare material for class. Chapter-by-chapter activities, including built-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S.Read MoreAgency Theory Essay 329591 Words   |  119 Pagesmarket for corporate control. 1 2 †¢ The Academy of Management Annals Introduction Agency theory is secure among the pantheon of conceptual/theoretical foundations that inform research in corporate governance. Indeed, agency theory not only predates other influential theories, including resource dependence (e.g., Pfeffer Salancik, 1978; Selznick, 1949; Thompson McEwen, 1958; Zald, 1969), the resource-based view (e.g., Barney, 1991; Barney, Wright, Ketchen, 2001; Wernerfelt, 1984), and institutionalRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesProduction Project Manager: Becca Groves Senior Operations Supervisor: Arnold Vila Operations Specialist: Cathleen Petersen Senior Art Director: Janet Slowik Art Director: Kenny Beck Text and Cover Designer: Wanda Espana OB Poll Graphics: Electra Graphics Cover Art: honey comb and a bee working / Shutterstock / LilKar Sr. Media Project Manager, Editorial: Denise Vaughn Media Project Manager, Production: Lisa Rinaldi Full-Service Project Management: Christian Holdener, S4Carlisle Publishing ServicesRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pages Maytag, Nike, Dell Preface †¢ v TARGETED COURSES As a supplemental text, this book can be used in a variety of undergraduate and graduate courses. These range from introduction to marketing/marketing principles to courses in marketing management and strategic marketing. It can also be used as a text in international marketing courses. Retailing, entrepreneurship, and ethics courses could use a number of these cases and their learning insights. It can certainly be used in training programsRead MoreMarketing Management130471 Words   |  522 PagesDBA 1652 Marketing Management UNIT -- I Unit No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Unit Title Marketing management – an introduction Marketing environment Marketing with other functional areas of management Market segmentation Market targeting and positioning Product management Brand management Pricing Channel design and management Retailing and Wholesaling Integrated Marketing Communication Advertising management Sales promotion Personal selling Public

Experience and Perception of Space Free Essays

string(122) " the full convey the character and fundamental law of a learners’ anterior cognition † \( Roschelle 1995, parity\." Prior cognition can hold an grounding consequence on our perceptual experience about a infinite. Our behavioural response inside a infinite is a decision and a contemplation of our anterior judgement of the infinite. Human encephalon along with seven other senses that include eyes, nose, ears, lingua, skeleton and musculus identify and interpret information and semen to a decision, which is normally known as perceptual experience. We will write a custom essay sample on Experience and Perception of Space or any similar topic only for you Order Now This procedure differs from single to single. This can take to different perceptual experience about the same infinite by different persons as they assign different significances to what they perceive. In order to deduce to a percept one needs to undergo the procedure of self-contemplation. This procedure of self-contemplation has been described as observation and contemplation of one’s ain witting ideas and scruples, that involves acquiring familiar with a infinite by deriving practical apprehension of the topic. Hence it becomes really of import to non acquire affected by a 3rd individuals percept but instead follow and rely on one’s ain experience. What a interior decorator or an designer is seeking to convey about the infinite should be brought to each person through his or her ain experience. This essay will be foregrounding that as a user of the infinite one doesn’t demand to hold a anterior cognition before sing it. It will be ideal for the user to deduce to a percept after sing the infinite through interaction of the senses and apprehension of the surrounding in world.The experience can be valuable if a individual does non hold a perceptual experience so that each individual has an single experience, which is non, influenced by person else’s perceptual experience. The subject will be discussed through instance surveies and relevant theories. Finnish designer, Juhani Pallasmaa said, â€Å"A work of art is a world merely when it is experienced, and sing a work of art means animating its dimension of feeling† ( Pallasmaa, 2005 ) . This quotation mark was said in context to explicating the importance of sing a infinite in order to associate to its world. When the user of the infinite personally undergoes its encompassing field he or she is able appreciate the infinite and besides at the same clip actively take portion in activities taking them to link with it in world. At times, experience can be really slippery and debatable. We might experience â€Å" confused, unsure, incoherent, unable to move when we are unable to organize anterior cognition and anterior wont to get by with the exigencies of the minute. â€Å" ( Roschelle 1995, parity. 67 ) Jeremy Roschelle references that pedagogues frequently aim at making experiences that engage pupils in actively bring forthing a sense of understanding the construct and tho ughts for themselves. They frequently inherit the feeling that it is indispensable for pupils to obtain anterior cognition to absorb new constructs. But harmonizing to the research, anterior cognition is characterized as opposing with the learning process, which frequently misguides pupils to unconventional interlingual rendition of constructs and therefore attempts to stamp down, destruct, or replace its influence. In drumhead, in order for new cognition to take the place of the anterior cognition, anterior cognition should must be confronted, challenged, destroyed or erased. ( Roschelle 1995, parity. 38 ) . As a consequence of anterior cognition and perceptual experiences organic structure tends to be thrown into a structured state of affairs where the game is already laid. Meaning where persons have to play harmonizing to the regulations established already. Hence, research workers have described prior cognition as â€Å"presumptions† â€Å"Alternative constructs, † â€Å"naive conceptions† and â€Å"misconceptions† ( Russell 1959 ) . Interior designers of synergistic experiences ought to be sensitive to the diverse position that will be brought by persons during their first manus experience. For illustration, museums and exhibitions are decently situated as finishs for conceptual alteration. They offer visitant with freedom and chances to interact with infinite and objects straight. Attending to the jobs that occur in an experiential exchange, from the position of the scholar and leting infinite and clip for enquiry to originate should be the cardinal concern of the interior decorator. Another concern should be focused on supplying tools that facilitate enquiry to be utile and effectual. Inquiry appears non in the caput, nevertheless in immediate interaction with the universe. Meaning that the act of enquiry appears when the person is invariably seeking cognition and information by oppugning the infinite. To win, scholars need to exemplify, look into ideas and phenomena in order to accomplish successful analysis of penchants by experimentation. Try to ease one person ‘s perceptual experience about a infinite with another can frequently bit by bit stop up traveling curious ideas of different single towards a typical land. Further more different perceptual experiences can stop up re-portraying, re-situating, and reconstructing the whole first manus experience of the visitant in entirety. In drumhead the pedagogues must seek for cases in which anterior information becomes slippery and debatable, and purpose to bring forth three conditions viz. : clip, devices and conversations that facilitate enquiry to come on successfully. First, interior decorators must look out to polish former cognition, and non force scholars understanding with their ain. Secondly interior decorators must anticipate a long term larning methodological analysis, of which the short-run experience will play an of import portion. Interior designers must remember that larning relies on upon societal association ; treatme nts shape the construction and substance of the thoughts that scholars develop. Prior cognition can be as mere informations but the remainder must arise from seeing, gestating, sing and prosecuting. Learning of things, which are described as information by familiarity, is fundamentally more straightforward than any information of truths. The word familiarity here is described as the cognition by experience of something. Hence we should state that holding known something through experience is independent of any intervention or any cognition gained by description. Hence familiarising with things while seeing and touching them aid in larning and knowing of the truth. â€Å" No description in the literature can to the full convey the character and fundamental law of a learners’ anterior cognition † ( Roschelle 1995, parity. You read "Experience and Perception of Space" in category "Essay examples" 88 ) . Disagring to this statement in my position the lone disadvantage of cognition by description is that rather a spot of our penetration is left dubious and the cognition remains perplexing until understood decently. This leads to an influenced perceptual experience witho ut really being physically acquainted with the infinite. â€Å"The cardinal rule in the analysis of propositions incorporating descriptions is this: Every proposition which we can understand must be composed entirely of components with which we are acquainted.† ( Russell 2009, ch.5 ) While adverting several guidelines for construing anterior cognition, Jeremy Roschelle said â€Å"be wary of sing anterior cognition as an enemy fortresses that is incorrect, alternate, or theoretical in character, and alternatively see prior cognition as a disorganised aggregation of edifice blocks† ( Roschelle 1995, parity. 88 ) . Agring to this statement in my position prior cognition can be helter-skelter and confounding which is non characterized by practical judgement and logical thinking. Rather it is theoretical in nature that can be inclusive of an already influenced perceptual experience. Therefore doing the user of the infinite derive to a perceptual experience even before an pe rson is confronted with a infinite in reality.In the book â€Å"How Learning Works† ( Ambrose, 2010 ) , it is mentioned that in order to construct complex and powerful learning constructions increasingly, an person may stop up hammering connexions between antecedently gained cognition and new information. It is possible that persons may non pull applicable or relevant connexions with the anterior cognition instantly. In this event where they do non pull upon applicable connexions with former information and basically if that information is still concealed or hidden, it may non promote the integrating and combination of new cognition. Ansel Adams comments that, any person should non hold the privilege to pull off what other single ought to see, do or bring forth. To assemble trust in the inventive psyche of an person, every person must be urged to bring out his or her penetrations and feelings. Furthermore, Husserl brings up that the connexion between the object of information and the subjective presentation of cognizing must be explored and clarii ¬?ed in the event that we wish to carry through a more important comprehension of the possibility of cognition. In drumhead no single user should find what the other user must detect. Rather the connexions must be drawn after researching and sing the infinite as it unfolds in its milieus. Next, the thing that involvements different persons is frequently described to them and is merely known to be echt. However it is non valid as they do non hold any familiarity with it and are besides non familiarized with the suggestion themselves. These lines are mentioning towards the cognition by description which is directed towards any phrase â€Å"in the signifier of â€Å"a so and so† or â€Å"the so and so†Ã¢â‚¬  ( Russell 2009, ch.5 ) Harmonizing to author, this signifier of a phrase should be called an equivocal phrase which is does non hold one obvious significance and is unfastened to more than one reading. The dominant factor of cognition by description is that it makes it possible for the user to go through beyond the bounds of their personal experience. In malice of the fact that user can merely cognize truths, which are wholly composed of footings which they have experienced in world, user can yet hold a anterior cognition by description of infinite which is ne’er experienced before. But â€Å"In position of the really narrow scope of our immediate experience, this consequence is critical, and until it is understood, much of our cognition must stay cryptic and hence doubtful.† ( Russell 2009, ch.5 ) In sum-up, for an equivocal or dubious description to turn into a logical description characterized by sound logical thinking, it is necessary for the user of the infinite to edify his or her vision images into spacial experience by traveling in and out of infinites. For repairing a users behavior inside a infinite, spacial elements like shadows, visible radiation, distance and height drama a cardinal function. In order to hold an gratifying experience the user must be free of any anterior description that may move an obstructor in the spacial experience of the user. It is believed that there are assorted issues associated with equivocal descriptions. To get down with, it seems that, â€Å"when we make a statement about something merely known by description, we frequently intend to do our statement, non in the signifier affecting the description, but about the existent thing described† ( Russell 2009, ch.5 ) . In these lines the writer is merely seeking conveying up that, someway, it must be imaginable to run into these ailments, but it is invalid to organize a judgement or enchant a guess without groking it mentally and go throughing a judgement full of premises about it. In decision, this essay has references that how forging person else perceptual experience can destroy the first manus experience of the user of the infinite. Facts or sentiments drilled inside the head of the user by some other single can take to perceptual experience can consequence the experience and may non promote and welcome new cognition to come in. Another point the essay has discussed is that anterior cognition can be as mere informations but the remainder must arise from seeing, gestating, sing and prosecuting. Hence, cognition would be extremely good in organizing an apprehension that is better suited and good topographic points in forepart of the user of a infinite through proper logical thinking and logics. It becomes necessary to put definitions for footings such as cognizing perceiving, believing etc. Prior cognition remains dubious until and unless it is characterized by the procedure of human observation and acquisition. Last, it must remember that larning relies on u pon societal association, interaction and experience within a infinite. Discussions shape the construction and substance of the thoughts that a user develops. Appreciating the infinite by fluxing in and out of infinites accelerates and give rise to a perceptual experience that is non formed or shaped by a different individuals perceptual experience. These points have demonstrated that a user of a infinite doesn’t needfully have anterior cognition before sing a infinite. How to cite Experience and Perception of Space, Essay examples

Effective Business Communication Impression Mankind

Question: Describe about the Effective Business Communication for Impression Mankind. Answer: Introduction: The aim of the easy is to highlight the understanding gained during the course. The main aim of the subject was to focus on the importance of communication in business. It is important to develop a better understanding of effective communication at a workplace. Communication is broadly divided into verbal and non-verbal means of communication. In the business operation both the types of communications holds equal importance. In order to communicate with people internally and externally, communication is the only way of interaction. It is for the same reason becomes very vital to make a good approach towards an effective communication. A descriptive analysis of the concepts learnt during the course shall be discussed here in this paper. Based on the understanding, the knowledge gained from the various lectures shall be discussed as well along with the fact how the subject going to help me in the future. Communication: Definition: Communication has been defined as any kind of behaviour that might be verbal, nonverbal or even graphic that can be easily perceived by others. The general purpose of communication is to inform people a certain message or to persuade or to entertain them. However, there are certain specific purposes of communication as well (Dwyer, 2009). The purpose of communication can aimed to fulfil certain goals or strategies. Journal article: In the journal Gabbot and Hogg (2001) explained the role of non-verbal communication. It has been pointed out that in an organization non-verbal communication also plays an equivalent important role in addressing the needs and the services of the employees working in the organization. It is a major psychological factor that at times provides proper knowledge to the people in the workplace. It has been further added that certain instances like waving hands or an expression of grief that denotes sorrow are the means of non-verbal communication that can recognize the attitude of a person and develop a communication between the people. Analysis and explanation: It has been understood that when communication takes place, there are a number of elements that play important role. According to the transmission model of communication, the ideas or information are ordered from the sender (Forward et al., 2011). These messages have certain codes that might be in the form of written or visual communication. It depends on the person on the receiver side to acknowledge the same thing delivered by the sender. In this respect, an important part is played by a kind of disturbance known as the noise. This noise at times hinders the actual mode of communication and creates a negative impact on the purpose of the message that is sent by the sender. This is the barrier to the communication process. Another important concept learnt in the module that communication takes place in different level like interpersonal or intra personal and in groups (Carlopio et al., 2005). Making an ethical communication that is clear, honest, respectful and democratic is another important factor that has to be kept in mind while communicating. Application: Understanding the theories and concepts related to communication was not difficult to me. I have gained good knowledge about the importance of a thorough communication in a workplace. I have also understood that in order to keep a good relationship with the people in an organization, it is important to keep communicating with each other. Both verbal and non-verbal communication plays vital roles. In fact, non-verbal communication is more effective as it is supported by an individuals emotion and personal behaviour. Communicating to an Audience: Definition: Communication apprehension refers to the level of fear or anxiety that is associated with a person. These apprehensions depend on certain factors like novelty, formality, status, conspicuousness or the unfamiliarity and dissimilarity with a person to other (Dwyer, 2016). It is important to understand the audience with whom one communicates. Prior to communication, one must be aware of the purpose of communication. Journal article: In the journal, Lipson and Teodorescu (2015) have pointed out the importance of framing the structure of a presentation. One should have the approach to address the audience in a way that shall be acceptable to them. A number of key practices that result in winning presentations have been discussed in the journal. It has been told that at the time of presenting in front of audience, the main focus should always rest upon convincing the audience. Therefore, preparing a presentation with a clear and concise problem statement and then delivering a solution to the problem can result in the best output. It has also been mentioned that when presentations are supported with facts and figures, it automatically becomes more acceptable among the audience. Analysis and explanation: At the time of communicating with the audience, the foremost thing is to analyse the audience. Depending on the findings, the script of the presentation can be made. Generally, the purpose of a speaker is to inform or persuade the audience. In addition to this, sometimes the intension of the speaker also happens to motivate, entertain and apologize to the audience (OBrien, 2010). Another important part of communication with audience is to make a proper structure of the presentation. It should be divided into three major parts, the introduction, message to be conveyed and the conclusion (Priest, 2008). In order to gain the attention of the audience, the presentation must be attractive enough with interesting contents. Application: I know that in the position of a manager or a leader, coming up with presentation to address the audiences would be a matter of regular practice. Thus, gaining knowledge about how to make presentation and target the specific group of people and at the same time, convincing them has helped me to develop understanding about interacting with major groups of audiences. At the same time, I have also understood that when any presentation is made focusing on the fact to involve the audiences whom we are addressing can bring better and more fruitful results. Moreover, at each point of time, the audience should be made to feel important and that their participation is what matters the most. An excellent means of presenting the ideas are sure to influence the audience and bring positive result. Business Writing: Genres of Written Business Communication Definition: Business writing talks about the times when any kind of information is communicated to the people who are associated with the organisation. Business communication is important to communicate the intended message that might otherwise create confusion or negative impact on a particular matter of concern. There a number of modes of communication such as by the means of sending mails or at times by directly communicating face to face (Arnulf et al, 2010). However, when things come in written format, grammar and the tone of writing becomes the most vital factor to be taken into consideration. This is when the importance of business writing is felt. Journal article: In the article, Zhu and White (2009) have discussed about the importance of emails and other formal means of communication in an organization. It has been pointed out that emails are the most common form of communicating channel used in the organizations to communicate with the people in the workplace. Therefore, there should be certain specification that needs to be followed at the time of writing emails. It has also been suggested that it is also important to take a note of the audience whom the message is intended to. Addressing people with the proper salutation is also important at the time of writing an email. Analysis and explanation: There is a difference between written and verbal communication. Verbal communication are easy to decipher and do not create much confusion between the sender and the receiver of the message. In addition to this, there always remains the chance of getting instant feedback from both the ends (Barge, 2004). On the other hand, in case of written communication, every activity including the role of emotion is played by the written words. It is then becomes important to deliver right words with meaningful sentences that is intended to fulfil the idea of transmitting the intended message to the receivers. In case of business communication, the non-verbal communication should be clear, free from any kind of ambiguity as well as any kind of grammar errors. Once a non-verbal communication is delivered to the prospected groups of audience, it cannot be taken back (Dwyer, 2016). Therefore, rechecking and rewriting the message before sending a message is important. Application: This module has helped me to enhance my knowledge and understanding about the importance of formal communication. Communicating with the people at the workplace by the means of emails is a common practice. I have never thought that for the one who writes the emails, the task becomes very challenging. With the recommendations and the guidelines that I have gained during the learning process will prove to be really productive in achieving my career goals and objectives. I shall be very attentive and focused towards the particular message that needs to be disseminated among the people in the workplace. Interpersonal Communication: Working together Definition: Interpersonal communication is the communication that one does with one or two persons. It depends on the relationship of the people with whom the communication is being made (Madlock Dillow, 2012). The team of Human resource in an organization is present to resolve any kind of misunderstanding or chaotic situation in an organization. In case of such situations, it is important to carry out an interpersonal communication with the people who are directly or indirectly related to the situation. It depends on the interpersonal skill of the Human Resource manager to tackle the situation and bring out the best outcome. Journal article: In the journal, it has been said that the communicative approach in an organization should be always a friendly attitude in the organization (Hynes, 2012). It is important to understand the perception, emotion and the factors that shall motivate the employees in an organization. These things can only be achieved when there is a positive approach towards making proper interpersonal communication with the people at the work place. In fact, major studies have confirmed that when impressive communication is made with the employees of the workplace, they are motivated that in turn results in better work productivity and the business of the organization ultimately prosper. Further, it has been stated that if required, it is also important to carry out a training program in an organization that teaches about the importance of interpersonal communication and the employees are taught of keeping a good communication with the other people working together. Analysis and explanation: It has been pointed out that in order to carry out an effective interpersonal communication, it is important to understand the person with whom the communication has to be made. An ineffective way of communication can harm the sentiments of a person and can result in developing a negative relationship (Hopkins et al., 2011). As an alternative approach, assertive communication that promotes cooperative relationship and often leads to solving the problems or the issues related the organization. Application: I always believed that one should always make a professional or formal approach in the work place and thus, there is less scope of interpersonal communication with the fellow people at the workplace. However, after the completion of this module, I have gained the understanding about the importance of interpersonal communication and the effective role that it plays in an organization. At any point of time, if I get stuck in a situation I shall clear out the matter by approaching the right person and then talking to that person personally. This is going to help me cope with various situations at the workplace. Organizational Communication: Communicating within the Organizational Structure Definition: Conversation with the leaders, managers, employees and with the consumers as well by the means of meetings, face to face communication or even by written documents, all fall under the organizational communication (Rasmussen Sieck, 2015). Organizational structure is not linear and it is for the same reason, communicating with the people who are responsible for the complete business operation is important. As stated by Lim et al., 2008, there is complexity, formalization and centralization in the organizational structure. In order to make coordination and achieve the organizational goals and objectives, keeping a communication with the people at the different levels become important. Journal article: Reading Byron (2008), it has been understood that in every organization, the number of workers are more than the members who are at the top of the management. In such cases, communicating with the people who forms the basic structure of the organization happens to be the most crucial element to deal with. The major means of communication technique like by the means of sending emails to the mass group of people might prove to be insufficient or challenging to the complete process of communication because at times it happen that people delete the emails or just let them unnoticed. In such cases, the intended message is not delivered to the particular person. Information often guides to behaviour of peoples and also stop any kind of inadequate of inaccurate conduction of message. It is for the same reason, communicating rightly with right people holds great importance. Analysis and explanation: Organizational communication controls and coordinates the activities of the organization. It establishes a relationship both internally and externally (Riketta, 2008). Internal communication has certain important functions to play that helps in orientation and indoctrination of the organization. Along with that it plays an important role in shaping the morale of the employees. In case of external communication that is meant for the consumers, the effective forms of communications means are by advertising and promotion of the service or the product that is helpful in shaping the opinion of the public (Dwyer, 2016). Application: The approach made on teaching the importance of proper and accurate conduction of message among the people positioned at different levels has helped me to understand that communicating in the same way with all the people is not the proper way of communication. Therefore, at any point of time when it shall be important to communicate with people holding particular designation, different approaches should be made. Information that is intended influence the receiver at the other end of the message and to some extent influence the emotion of the person. It is for the same reason, important to address the right people in a right way. Cross Cultural Communication: Transcending Boundaries Definition: The circumstances in which people belonging to diverse background and diverse culture who are engaged in any kind of communication is termed as cross cultural communication (Xiaojun Venkatesh, 2013). In the current working environment, it has become an important part of the working procedure to understand the cultural impact of the people working in the particular work place (Kim, 2013). In the era of globalization, every workplace is full of people belonging to diverse groups. Sharing the beliefs and the knowledge of the people by the means of communicating with them is what is important to keep the operation of the business keep going on (Sievers et al., 2015). Journal article: In the journal, Kohler et al. (2012) has examined the cross cultural differences in the norms of a meeting. It has been highlighted that people might have to face any kind of situation at any point of time in the course of life. People have to meet with other people belonging to different cultural background. The only means of knowing people is by communicating with them. There remains a gap in the culture that needs to be fixed. It is for the same reason developing a cross cultural impact in the mode of communication becomes important. It has been stated that it depends on the capability of a person as how early the person becomes capable enough to adapt to the culture of the people in connection. A health communication will lead to better business operation and shall open up better business opportunities. Analysis and explanation: Cross cultural communication talks about adaptation between the different cultures. Intra-cultural is about communicating with people belonging to same culture or group. Enculturation is the process of learning and adapting to the culture and making a friendly approach towards the people belonging to different culture (Sitkin et al., 1992). Ethnocentrism is the way one interprets others through their own cultural view. On the other hand, cultural relativism is the concept of recognizing and accepting the differences in cultures of two or more people in association. Application: This part of the course has opened up the horizon for better understanding the people belonging to different culture. I have a friendly nature but at times, it becomes challenging for me to cope with the difference of culture of the people belonging to different cultural background. With the knowledge gained from the course, I have become confident enough to talk or communicate with the people from other culture as well. This concept not only helped me to gain better understanding for the workplace but for a general basis as well because we find people from different cultures all around us. It is indeed important to know the way of communicating with these people. Conclusion By the end of the complete discussion, it can be said that the concepts learnt during the complete course is indeed helpful for the future prospects. The complete course of action has opened up the horizon for a better scope of communicating with people with different backgrounds. The importance of non-verbal communication is also understood. The topics that have been taught at the end of the completion of the course such as communication in a cross cultural environment is the most useful topic. In the recent working condition, there is no doubt about the cross cultural impact in the workplace and how it affects the complete business operation. It is for the same reason, gaining a theoretical knowledge about the effective mode of communication is important and this course has helped to obtain that bit of knowledge. All these knowledge are definitely going to help to shape my future and shall guide me to make better relationship with the people in a particular working environment. Reference list: Arnulf, J. K., Tegner, L., Larssen, . (2010). Impression making by rsum layout: Its impact on the probability of being shortlisted. European Journal of Work Organizational Psychology, 19, 221-230. Barge, J. K. (2004). Reflexivity and managerial practice. 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